What is Substance Use Disorder? Symptoms of Substance Use Disorder

Substance Use Disorder

A Substance Use Disorder (SUD) is a psychological health condition in which an individual’s use of a substance (such as alcohol, drugs, or medication) leads to clinically significant impairment or distress. SUDs are characterized by a problematic pattern of use that results in negative consequences for the individual, such as difficulty fulfilling major role obligations, recurrent use in hazardous situations, and social or interpersonal problems that persist or happen repeatedly due to the effects of a particular substance.

SUDs are classified into two categories: mild, moderate, and even severe, depending on the diagnostic criteria met by the individual. To be diagnosed with SUD, an individual must meet at least two of the 11 criteria outlined in the Diagnostics and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder.

The criteria for SUD include:

 

• • The individual takes the substance in larger amounts or over a longer period than intended

• • There is a persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control substance use

• • A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain the substance, use the substance, or recover from its effects

• • Craving, or a strong desire or urge to use the substance

• • Recurrent substance use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home

• • Continued substance use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused by the effects of the substance

• • Important social, occupational, or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of substance use

• • Recurrent substance use in situations in which it is physically hazardous

• • Substance use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by the substance

• • Tolerance, as defined by either a need for markedly increased amounts of the substance to achieve intoxication or desired effect or a markedly diminished effect with continued use of the same amount of the substance

• • Withdrawal, as manifested by either the characteristic withdrawal syndrome for that substance or the same (or a closely related) substance, is taken to relieve or avoid withdrawal symptoms.

What are the symptoms of substance abuse?

The symptoms can vary depending on the individual and on the substance being used, but some common signs include:

 

1. 1. Change in behavior: The individual may become more secretive, isolated, or moody. They may experience changes in their sleep patterns, eating habits, or grooming routines.

1. 1. Physical changes: The individual may experience changes in their physical appearance, such as weight loss or gain, bloodshot eyes, or changes in skin color. They may also experience tremors, slurred speech, or impaired coordination.

1. 1. Neglecting responsibilities: The individual may neglect their responsibilities at home, work, or school. They may also have difficulty maintaining relationships or keeping a job.

1. 1. Legal problems: The individual may have legal problems related to their substance use, such as arrests for driving under the influence of drugs.

1. 1. Using despite negative consequences: The individual may continue to use despite it having negative consequences, such as health problems, financial problems, or relationship problems.

1. 1. Withdrawal symptoms: The individual may experience withdrawal when they stop using the substance, for instance, nausea, tremors, insomnia, or anxiety

How to diagnose substance abuse?

Substance use disorder (SUD) is diagnosed based on criteria outlined in the Diagnostics and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5). To diagnose a SUD, a healthcare professional typically performs a thorough assessment, which includes:

 

1. 1. Medical exam: A physical examination and lab tests to assess the individual’s overall health and to rule out any underlying medical conditions that may be contributing to their substance use.

1. 1. Psychological evaluation: A psychological evaluation to assess the individual’s mental health and to rule out any co-occurring mental health disorders.

1. 1. Interview: A thorough interview to gather information about the individual’s substance use history, including the type and amount of substances used, the duration and frequency of use, and any negative consequences that have resulted from the use.

1. 1. Questionnaires: The healthcare professional may also use standardized questionnaires or self-report measures to assess the severity of the substance use disorder and to determine the level of impairment caused by the substance use.

1. 1. Observation: Observation of the individual’s behavior and physical appearance for signs of substance use and withdrawal.

1. 1. Review of records: Review of records, such as medical records, lab results, and legal records, can provide additional information about the individual’s substance use history and any related consequences.

A skilled healthcare expert, such as a doctor, psychiatrist, or licensed therapist, who can perform a thorough examination and take other potential causes of the symptoms into account, is the only one who can accurately diagnose SUD.

How Is Substance Use Disorder Treated?

Treatment for Substance Use Disorder (SUD) is typically multidisciplinary and may involve a combination of the following approaches:

 

1. 1. Medications: Medications, for instance, methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone can be used to help manage symptoms of withdrawal and cravings and also help reduce the risk of relapse.

1. 1. Behavioral therapies: Behavioral therapies, for instance, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), motivational interviewing (MI), and contingency management (CM) have been shown to be effective in treating SUDs. These therapies can help people understand the underlying causes of their substance use and develop strategies for changing their behavior.

1. 1. Support groups: Support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA) can equip individuals with a sense of community and support, as well as practical advice and coping strategies.

1. 1. Residential treatment: Residential treatment programs provide a structured, controlled environment in which individuals can detoxify and receive intensive therapy and counseling.

1. 1. Outpatient treatment: Outpatient treatment programs allow patients to continue to live at home while receiving therapy and counseling.

1. 1. Medically assisted treatment (MAT): This type of treatment combines medication with behavioral therapy, and is effective in managing opioid addiction, It can be done in an inpatient or outpatient setting

1. 1. Holistic therapies: Some treatment centers offer holistic therapies like yoga, meditation, and acupuncture to improve overall well-being.

Novus Beginning Psychiatry: Your Path to Health and Wellness Starts Here!

We understand that navigating the complexities of mental health can feel overwhelming, but you don’t have to face it alone. At Novus Beginning Psychiatry, we’re here to support you every step of the way. Whether you’re seeking therapy, medication, or a combination of both, our compassionate professionals are dedicated to helping you find the path to a happier, healthier life.

Our highly skilled psychiatrists are experienced in a wide range of mental health conditions, including anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, OCD, PTSD, ADHD, autism, and more. We offer evidence-based therapies that have been proven effective in helping individuals overcome their challenges. From cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to couples/family therapy, we utilize the most up-to-date techniques to empower you on your healing journey.

We also recognize that medication is vital in managing certain psychological health conditions. Our team includes Dr. Nibras, who is a board-certified psychiatrist well-versed in medication management. He works closely with you to develop a comprehensive treatment plan, as we believe in the power of personalized care.

So, take the first step towards a brighter future. Contact us today to schedule an appointment. Our friendly staff is ready to assist you in finding a convenient time to meet with our dedicated professionals. Call (832)856-4718 and let us help you take charge of your mental well-being.

Medication Management For Psychiatric Wellness

At Novus Beginning Psychiatry, we’re dedicated to helping you unlock the power of effective medication management. Our team of psychiatrists has years of experience and understands the importance of finding the right balance for your mental health journey. We offer personalized and compassionate care, creating medication plans that are tailored to your unique needs. Our understanding of psychopharmacology allows us to provide the most advanced and evidence-based treatments available. 

Our goal is to help you by providing the right medications to enhance your therapy outcomes, reduce your symptoms, and improve your overall well-being. We want to be your trusted partner on the path to a brighter future. Please don’t hesitate to contact us at Novus Beginning Psychiatry to experience the transformative effects of our comprehensive medication management approach.

Who is Dr. Nibras?

Dr. Sohail Nibras is a double board-certified psychiatrist in child, adolescent, and adult psychiatry. He completed his education at Saint Louis University and the American University of Integrative Science. He excels in treatments based on psychiatric care and therapeutic sessions and has experience treating dual psychiatric and substance use disorders. He is an assistant professor at the Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas. He serves as an attending psychiatrist at Texas Children’s Hospital. He trains future psychiatrists and engages in scholarly research projects.

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